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Anatole-Amédée-Prosper Courbet (26 June 1827 – 11 June 1885) was a French admiral who won a series of important land and naval victories during the Tonkin campaign (1883–86) and the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885). ==Early years== Courbet was born in Abbeville in 1828 as the youngest of three children. His father died when he was nine years old. He was a Polytechnician. From 1849 to 1853 Courbet served as a midshipman (''aspirant'') on the corvette ''Capricieuse'' (''capitaine de vaisseau'' Roquemaurel). ''Capricieuse'' circumnavigated the globe during this period and cruised for several months along the China Coast, giving Courbet his first experience of the seas in which, thirty years later, he would win fame. After his return to France he was posted to the brick ''Olivier'', attached to the Levant naval division. In December 1855, at Smyrna, he intervened to quell a mutiny aboard the ''Messageries impériales'' packet ''Tancrède'', and was subsequently commended for his conduct by the navy ministry. He was promoted to the rank of ''lieutenant de vaisseau'' in November 1856. From 1864 to 1866 Courbet served on the two-deck broadside ironclad battleship ''Solferino'' as aide de camp and secretary to Admiral Bouët-Willaumez, commander of the ''escadre d’évolutions''. He was promoted ''capitaine de frégate'' in August 1866 and posted to the ironclad frigate ''Savoie'' as chief of staff to Admiral de Dompierre d’Hornoy, commander of the North Sea and English Channel naval division. In March 1870 he was posted to the Antilles naval division as captain of the despatch vessel ''Talisman''. This posting, which gave him no opportunity for action during the Franco-Prussian War, was his first independent command. He returned to France in May 1872. In early 1873 Courbet returned to the Antilles as second officer on the frigate ''Minerve''. He was promoted ''capitaine de vaisseau'' in August 1873. Between December 1874 and January 1877 he commanded the School of Underwater Defences (''école des défenses sous-marines'') at Boyardville (Ile d’Oléron). From 1877 to 1879 he was posted to the ironclad ''Richelieu'', where he again served as chief of staff to Admiral de Dompierre d’Hornoy, now commander-in-chief of the ''escadre d’évolutions''. In May 1880 Courbet succeeded Admiral Olry as governor of New Caledonia. He returned to France in the autumn of 1882, where he was promised command of the Levant naval division by Admiral Bernard Jauréguiberry, the navy minister. Jauréguiberry was replaced as navy minister in January 1883 when Charles Duclerc's cabinet was replaced by the brief administration of Armand Fallières, and Courbet was instead appointed commander of the ''division navale d’essais'' in the Mediterranean. In April 1883 he hoisted his flag aboard the ironclad ''Bayard'' at Cherbourg. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Amédée Courbet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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